Improvement in pipe-couplings



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.Leners Patent N, 106,041, dem: August 2, 1370,

IMPROVEMENT IN' PIPE`OUPLING-S.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame To all whom. lit may concern:

Beit known that I, Louis ALmtAeDnn FAnJoN, A

of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, civil engi'- neer, a French'subject,l have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in anApparatus fol' Forming and Joining the Ends of Iron and other Tubes or`Pipes; and I, thesaidLoUIs ALEXANDRE FAItJON, do hereby declare thenature'oi` the said in vention, and in what manner the same is to beperformed, to be particularly described and ascertained in and by thefollowing statement thereof, that is to say:

This invention consists ofthe improved mode hereinafter described,offorming the joints of' pipes cr tubes, whereby greater'` simplicity andeconomy ar'e attained.

The ends ofthe pipes on the outside are formed ofithe body of'the said'lather greaterdiameter than pipes, tapering down vso as to form a conical collar or projection round thel ends ot'- the said pipes.

'A strip of .lead is shaped by casting or rolling, so

:as to tit the conicalprojections on' the ends of two pipes, and thesaid strip of lead is formed with a central rib underueatlaavhich,saidrib projects into a space lett betweenthe ends of the pipes, to preventthem from touching each other, and to allow of their expanding.

The said strip of lead placed round the respective `ends of the pipes,and its tworndsrare joinedby a tenonformed on one end of the" striptaking into a jchannel or space cut in the other end o f the said strip,to receive the said tenen.

' The said strip is'held in position` and pressed onto the ends of thepipes byiaband of iron rolled specially for the purpose, itslowe'rurtiice being shaped to tit the lead on the pipe, audits upper surfacebeing slightly conical, that is to say, thicker en one side than on theother. A

The said band of iron :is bent round to form a ring or hoop, which canopen, to pass onto the lead, and, its diameter being lather slnallerthan that ot' thelead, the said ling or hoop forms a circular spring topress upon-the said lead and hold it in position, and the said iron hoopor circular spring is'fnrther pressed onto the lead, and its ends are'caused ,to meet,"or nearly so,.by`a presscollar of the followingconstruction: j

A pieeeot' iron is formed at its lower' end in shape like a crescent oraportion of a circle, to [it and rest upon the circular spring on the4pipe-ends.

0n thc upper surface of the said crescent-piece4is a lng, projectingupward, to which is jointed one lend of alcver, and also one end of abelt of ironl or steel, which said belt passes round the circular springon fiuous portions of lead are thc pipe-ends, and is jointed at itsother end to the.

said lever ata littledistancc from that end which projecting lug of thecrcscentis jointed to the piece.

By turning the lever the belt is drawn'tight round the pipe-ends, andcloses the circular spring upon the lead, compressing the said leadandforming alperfectlj" tight joint.

The' circular spring being thus firmly fixed, a` ring or hoop, the innersurface of which is conical, to tit the outside conical surface of thecircular spring, is driven onto the said sprintf, and firmly binds thewhole together.

`In some cases, two binding-hoops maybe used, one on eachside ofthe'joint. The protruding or superthen punched up, as is usual in suchcases.

Pipes to he joined together according to this invention -lnay have theirends molded inthe following' manner, in order that such ends, with theirconica-l collars, may he cast perfectly smooth and regular.

A circular bottom eat-.h side, through each of which lugs passes:theybolt. t

-Upou the said bottom yplate is mounted an iron cylinder, with lugscorrespoluling with. the lugs on the lower plate.

The'said cylinder is formed of two half-cylinders, being dividedlongitudinally through its axis or cellter, and through the said lugs,so that the two half cylinders may be separated laterally, but, beingkeyed to the lower plate,rcannot rise. The saidhalf cylinders aresecured together by a hoop of iron placed round them.

'lhe pattern of the pipe-end, having the conical collar orprojectionupon it, is divided into five segmental pieces, each formed at thebaclLwit-h a dovetail groove, into which takes a dovetail projection upon a conical center-piece vmoved by a handle.

` The -said pattern is placed-in the center of the cylinder and bottomplate, and the space between the cylinder and pattern is filled' withmolding-sand, which, being suitably pressed and stamped, forms thc moldfor the outside of the pipe.

In order totake the molds out of the frame with, out injuring it, theiron hoop is taken olf the outside cylinder, which then separates intotwo pieces, which may be easily re'movcd.

The centerpiece is then removed from the segmental pattern, and each ofthc segments may be -taken out without injury to the mold, which is thenready for use, and maybe added onto'the mold of the body of the pipe.V

plate is formed with a lug on central rib, b, to project into the spacebetween the' It is desirable to give back to the circular springs, abovementioned, their exact sectional shape, which nray have been injureddnrirrg the process of bending them into a circular fornr.

For this purpose, a cylindrical die, the innersurface of which isconical, to suit the required shape of the outside of thecircularspring, is mounted on an ironl annular plate, and secured thereto bybolts or stuts.

The circular spring-having heen driven into the said die, three or nroresegmental dies, having on their orrter surfacethe reqrrired shape forthe inner surface of the said circular spring, are placed within thesaid spring. and, hy means ot' a. conical plug driven into the center ofthe segment-al dies, the said dies are forced against .the inner surfaceofthe said spring, and give it its r'equired shape.

-Having thus explained the nature of my my said invention, I willproceed to describe, with reference to the accompanying drawing. themanner in which the same may be performed,

Figure 1 represents in elevation', partly in section, three pipes, A AA, joined together according to this, inveption.

-'Ihe ends of the pipes A, on the outside, are formed with conicalprojections or collars, a a o', nporr them.

4When the pipes are set end to end, so as nearly to -touch each other, ast-rip of lead, b, shwn in plan at fig. 2, shaped by casting or rolling,so as to fit the collars a of the pipes, and having underneath a saidpipes, is placed rorrud the respective ends of the pipes, and its twoends are joined by a tenon, lr', tig. 2, on one end of the strip, takinginto achannel or space, bi, cut in the other end of the said strip b.The said strip b is held in position and pressed ,onto the ends of thepipes A by a hand, c, made of ir'orr, rolled specially for the purpose,its lower surface beiug shaped to fit the orrtside .ofl the lead b, andits upper surface being slightly conical, as shown The said band of ironc is bent round to forru a ring, which can open to pass over the collarsa a and onto the lcadb, where it acts as a spring -to press upontlre-lead and hold it in position, and the circular spring c is furtherpressed onto the lead', and its ends are caused to meet, or nearlyso, bymeans of a press-collar, represented in front elevation atti". 3, andiii plan at tig. 4

In these Figures 3 andd-J 'A A represent parts of? the pipes, and a,iig. 3, the end of one of the pipes. 1g is the strip of lead, and c, thecircular spring. 'Ilre press-collar is composed ot a pieccof iron, d,the lower end of which is curved so as to Afit and rest upon thecircular spring c, at d' d".

` The upper prut of the piece d forms a lug, d, to which is jointed, atd, one end of a lever, e, and also one end, f1, of a belt of iron orsteel, f, which passes round the circular spring c, and at its other endf, is jointed tothe lever e at c.

Near each end of the belt fis an opening 'or eye which hooks onto aprojection, g g, on the links or ends flf2 ofthe said belt, so as toenable the said helt to he readily connected to or disconnected from itsend sf and f. f

WhenI the press-collar is mounted, as shown in the drawing, by turningthe lever c on its fulerurn di, the belt f is drawn tight round thepipe-ends, and closes the circular spring c on the lead'b.

The press-collar is then removed from the circular ring c, and a ring orhoop of iron, D, fig. l, the inner surface of which is conical, to itthe outer surface of the circular spring c, is driven onto the saidcircular spring c, and firmly binds the whole together'.

In some cases, two binding-hoops may be used, one on each side, assho'wn at Dl D, tig. 1; the protruding portions of the lead b are thcnpunched up, as is usual in such cases.

When it is requiredto disconnect pipes joined to- A getlrcr according tothis invention, the binding-hoops are driven otf from the. circularsprings c, and the said circular springs are taken oif from the lead bthe lead isthen removed, and the pipes may be pl in another positionandagain joined together, if rel quired, with the same facility.

I will now proceed to describe the rrrode which I prefer to adopt formolding the ends of pipes to vbe joined together according to thisinvention, in order to the said ends, with their conlcal collars, beingcast perfectly smooth and regular.l

Figure 5 represents a' vertical section, and

Figure 6; a plan of a molding-frame constructed according to this partof my invention.

a is a circular baseyplate, fonncd with -a lug, al on each side, throughwhich lrrgs pass the key-bolts a a. v

b b' are two half cylinders, secured together by a ring, c, placed roundthem.

The two half cylinders, b b', when secured together, form one cylinder,capable of being separated laterally at its lugs b l, which pass onto'the keybolts a a, yand are secured to the base-plate a hy keys a a.

dis the pattern of the pipe-end with its conical colla'r formed upon itat d.

llre'said pattern is divided into tive segmental pieces, c c c c e, eachformed at the back with a dovetail groove, into which takes one of thedovetailprojections f f f f f on a conical center-piece, g, moved by a.handle, g'.

The said pattern dis placed in the center of the cylinder b b1, and thespace h between the pattern and cylinder is filled with molding-sand,which, hering suitably pressed arid stamped, and its upper surfacehaving been smoothed hy a scraper, i, forms Y the mold for the outsideof the pipe-end. In order to take the said mold out of the frame withoutinjuring it, the hoop or ring c is taken o the orrtside of the cylinderb b, which then separates into two pieces, which may he removedlaterally.

The. center-piece is then drawn out of the segmental pattern, and cachof the segments a ce e c .may be taken out vofthe mold, which is thenready for use.

My apparatas for giving back to vthe circular I springs c, iig. 1, theirexact sectional shape, which may have been injured during the process of4bending them, is represented in vertical section at Figure 7, and inplan at Figure 8.

ais a cylindrical die, the innersurface of which is conical, to suit therequired shape of the outside of the circular spring.

The said die a is mounted `on an 'annular-hase plate, b, to which it issecured by studs or bolts, y

The circular springs c, having been driven into the die a, three or moresegmental dies, d d d, having on their outer' surface the required shapefor the innersurface of the spring c, are placed within the said spring,a'nd a conical plug, e, is driven into the ccnter ot" the segmental diesd d d, and forces the 'said dies against the inner surface of thecirculal` spring c, thus imparting to the said spring its requiredshape.

Having thus described the nature of my said' invention, and means forcarrying the sameiinto clamping-hoop or hoops D, substantially inthemanv effect, Y I'elaim as my inventioni l The `pipe-eouplii1g hereindescribed, formed by a,` ribbed leaden ring or muti' b b1, embracing thead- Witnesses: jacent ends of two pipes, A a, around 'which snch D.P.HOLLOWAY, ring is tightly clamped by a spring band, chaud F. M.HEATON.

ner set forth.

LOUIS ALEXANDRE FARJON.

